USDA Summary of 1997 Herd Averages

G.R. Wiggans
Agricultural Research Service - USDA
Beltsville, Maryland

Table 1. Averages of NCDHIP cow herds by herd size, 1997.

Herd size cow-years<>(per herd)	Herds	Cow-years	Milk (lb)	Cow-years with fat data(%)	Fat (%)	Fat (lb)	Cow-years with protein data(%)	Protein (%)	Protein (lb)
5-24	1,411	23,431	15,722	100	4.01	631	100	3.34	525
25-49	9,755	384,106	17,750	100	3.81	676	99	3.22	572
50-74	10,591	642,901	18,626	99	3.78	704	99	3.22	600
75-99	5,386	459,943	18,963	98	3.75	713	98	3.23	614
100-149	4,559	545,718	19,092	96	3.73	718	96	3.23	621
150-199	1,706	292,668	19,159	93	3.72	720	93	3.24	626
200-299	1,356	326,626	19,528	92	3.70	733	90	3.24	639
300-399	613	211,220	19,890	90	3.67	745	85	3.23	654
400-499	330	147,051	20,230	92	3.63	746	81	3.21	663
500-749	454	273,574	20,570	89	3.63	758	76	3.23	680
750-999	269	232,037	20,894	91	3.58	756	66	3.21	690
1,000-1,499	228	273,698	21,247	94	3.59	770	70	3.21	687
1,500-1,999	92	157,645	21,476	94	3.55	771	65	3.19	696
2,000-2,999	52	123,687	21,883	92	3.56	787	63	3.16	718
3,000-3,999	16	55,038	21,622	94	3.51	751	58	3.15	682
4,000+	3	16,523	20,725	100	3.57	740	72	3.18	636
All herds	36,821	4,165,865	19,535	95	3.70	726	88	3.22	630

¹Herds with fewer than 5 cow-years not included in computing herd averages.

Table 2. Averages of NCDHIP cows herds by breed and category of test plan, 1997.

Category of test plan	Herds	Cow-years	Cow-years per herd	Milk (lb)	Cow-years with fat data (%)	Fat (%)	Fat (lb)	Cow-years with protein data (%)	Protein (%)	Protein (lb)
Ayrshire
Official	183	8,606	47	15,034	99	3.91	588	99	3.35	504
Management	16	589	37	11,623	100	4.18	486	100	3.36	391
All plans	199	9,195	46	14,815	100	3.92	581	100	3.35	496
Brown Swiss
Official	342	16,832	49	16,155	99	4.05	658	100	3.57	577
Management	27	999	37	13,960	100	4.18	584	100	3.55	495
All plans	369	17,831	48	16,032	99	4.06	654	100	3.57	572
Guernsey
Official	273	12,746	47	13,828	100	4.54	627	99	3.55	491
Management	75	2,725	36	13,184	100	4.49	591	98	3.49	459
All plans	348	15,471	44	13,714	100	4.53	621	99	3.54	486
Holstein
Official	23,581	3,109,856	132	20,210	97	3.63	738	89	3.20	648
Management	9,346	763,588	82	18,597	88	3.80	710	81	3.21	597
All plans	32,927	3,873,444	118	19,892	95	3.66	733	87	3.20	639
Jersey
Official	1,242	131,572	106	14,189	100	4.68	664	99	3.75	532
Management	182	11,100	61	12,390	94	4.76	592	92	3.75	467
All plans	1,424	142,672	100	14,049	99	4.69	659	99	3.75	528
Milking Shorthorn
Official	51	2,413	47	14,079	100	3.54	499	100	3.30	464
Management	9	354	39	13,744	100	3.84	528	100	3.25	447
All plans	60	2,767	46	14,036	100	3.58	502	100	3.29	462
Red and White
Official	34	2,259	66	19,005	100	3.71	704	100	3.23	615
Management	6	426	71	15,166	64	3.72	640	64	3.22	554
All plans	40	2,685	67	18,396	94	3.71	697	94	3.23	608
Mixed breeds
Official	1,099	76,294	69	15,957	96	3.85	617	96	3.32	530
Management	355	25,508	72	15,076	86	4.00	618	83	3.33	512
All plans	1,454	101,801	70	15,736	94	3.89	618	93	3.32	526
All breeds
Official	26,805	3,360,577	125	19,815	97	3.67	731	89	3.23	639
Management	10,016	805,289	80	18,366	88	3.82	705	81	3.22	591
All plans	36,821	4,165,865	113	19,535	95	3.70	726	88	3.22	630

Table 3. Averages of official NCDHIP cow herds by state, 1997.

State¹	Herds	Cow-years	Cow- years per herd	Milk (lb)	Cow-years with fat data (%)	Fat (%)	Fat (lb)	Cow-years with protein data (%)	Protein (%)	Protein (lb)
Alabama	72	12,645	176	16,004	88	3.67	592	88	3.27	527
Alaska	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Arizona	53	57,311	1,081	21,173	100	3.57	756	99	3.15	668
Arkansas	70	7,167	102	15,912	100	3.51	558	100	3.25	518
California	1,007	717,753	713	20,972	100	3.63	761	65	3.25	684
Colorado	71	30,377	428	23,352	100	3.52	822	98	3.17	740
Connecticut	117	13,623	116	20,684	98	3.62	748	98	3.17	656
Delaware	31	4,466	144	20,241	100	3.68	745	100	3.23	654
Florida	73	35,891	492	18,171	30	3.42	677	30	3.16	625
Georgia	181	45,126	249	18,076	63	3.51	639	56	3.21	579
Hawaii	1	283	283	15,950	100	3.47	554	0	—	—
Idaho	222	53,606	241	21,007	100	3.60	756	100	3.29	691
Illinois	671	53,562	80	19,280	100	3.70	713	100	3.24	624
Indiana	481	40,053	83	18,880	99	3.68	695	99	3.25	615
Iowa	1,301	94,478	73	19,113	100	3.74	714	100	3.24	619
Kansas	341	33,272	98	19,398	90	3.69	693	90	3.22	606
Kentucky	271	24,283	90	16,662	94	3.65	608	94	3.27	545
Louisiana	139	18,365	132	14,634	72	3.51	523	72	3.27	487
Maine	153	12,824	84	19,760	97	3.75	735	97	3.24	636
Maryland	441	39,519	90	19,401	100	3.77	732	100	3.24	629
Massachusetts	130	10,504	81	19,236	99	3.80	731	99	3.25	625
Michigan	997	113,044	113	20,856	97	3.83	797	97	3.21	669
Minnesota	3,476	275,025	79	19,083	100	3.77	720	100	3.22	615
Mississippi	77	13,805	179	17,313	96	3.61	627	96	3.26	567
Missouri	455	39,528	87	17,166	100	3.66	629	100	3.25	558
Montana	59	7,125	121	20,041	100	3.50	702	100	3.20	642
Nebraska	266	28,992	109	19,422	100	3.65	710	100	3.25	631
Nevada	21	9,048	431	20,594	100	3.69	760	98	3.20	662
New Hampshire	109	9,855	90	20,877	100	3.78	788	100	3.24	677
New Jersey	99	8,371	85	19,344	100	3.70	716	100	3.23	625
New Mexico	29	34,206	1,180	21,425	100	3.41	730	94	3.13	674
New York	2,479	269,358	109	20,049	98	3.69	741	98	3.18	638
North Carolina	238	37,990	160	18,569	90	3.64	673	90	3.18	589
North Dakota	73	6,576	90	17,457	91	3.58	611	91	3.23	552
Ohio	993	83,675	84	19,487	100	3.72	725	100	3.26	636
Oklahoma	127	13,230	104	17,424	99	3.43	598	99	3.23	562
Oregon	243	48,545	200	20,539	100	3.78	777	100	3.31	680
Pennsylvania	3,742	264,439	71	19,674	100	3.64	717	100	3.21	632
Puerto Rico	158	36,476	231	10,126	52	2.99	286	87	3.12	317
Rhode Island	6	435	73	20,245	100	3.72	752	100	3.18	644
South Carolina	85	16,461	194	17,507	100	3.86	676	100	3.30	578
South Dakota	203	18,042	89	17,891	100	3.72	665	100	3.23	578
Tennessee	296	35,923	121	17,432	93	3.62	632	94	3.25	567
Texas	290	99,241	342	19,305	82	3.54	690	82	3.22	628
Utah	207	35,681	172	20,336	100	3.56	725	100	3.22	655
Vermont	490	46,703	95	19,210	94	3.80	729	94	3.24	623
Virgin Islands	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Virginia	515	66,246	129	19,004	98	3.55	676	99	3.20	609
Washington	260	63,906	246	22,500	100	3.60	810	100	3.21	723
West Virginia	76	8,094	107	17,608	100	3.58	630	100	3.26	575
Wisconsin	4,907	364,863	74	20,249	100	3.76	761	100	3.24	656
Wyoming	3	586	195	20,453	100	3.58	732	100	3.25	665
United States¹	26,805	3,360,577	125	19,815	97	3.67	731	89	3.23	639

¹Includes Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Table 4. Averages of management NCDHIP cow herds by state, 1997.

State¹	Herds	Cow-years	Cow-years per herd	Milk (lb)	Cow-years with fat data (%)	Fat (%)	Fat (lb)	Cow-years with protein data (%)	Protein (%)	Protein (lb)
Alabama	3	281	94	14,510	100	3.63	526	31	3.18	472
Alaska	2	131	66	22,150	100	3.51	777	100	3.45	764
Arizona	4	4,831	1,208	18,234	44	3.57	731	44	3.13	640
Arkansas	19	1,623	85	13,160	96	3.47	458	96	3.28	433
California	104	77,988	750	19,079	99	3.62	689	49	3.25	613
Colorado	18	6,452	358	21,921	100	3.49	766	82	3.21	701
Connecticut	5	366	73	19,600	100	3.81	747	100	3.17	621
Delaware	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Florida	41	25,226	615	16,783	7	3.61	734	7	3.06	622
Georgia	48	10,888	227	16,565	5	3.17	446	5	3.23	454
Hawaii	6	2,573	429	17,189	100	3.43	590	0	—	—
Idaho	29	7,547	260	21,047	100	3.52	741	100	3.25	683
Illinois	121	6,712	55	17,737	95	3.84	678	95	3.19	564
Indiana	97	7,302	75	18,804	85	3.64	676	84	3.21	596
Iowa	308	18,307	59	17,659	98	3.85	678	96	3.23	570
Kansas	48	3,269	68	17,588	99	3.57	629	100	3.22	566
Kentucky	44	2,999	68	17,494	65	3.47	594	60	3.17	537
Louisiana	14	1,893	135	13,721	0	—	—	0	—	—
Maine	11	1,712	156	20,284	22	4.07	642	22	3.34	527
Maryland	25	1,891	76	18,823	100	3.73	703	96	3.25	607
Massachusetts	8	1,019	127	21,204	47	3.82	654	47	3.24	554
Michigan	245	18,398	75	19,279	75	4.16	786	75	3.21	609
Minnesota	1,145	78,510	69	17,667	99	3.92	693	97	3.21	565
Mississippi	13	1,644	126	15,906	58	3.61	671	53	3.28	612
Missouri	95	7,622	80	16,148	90	3.61	579	90	3.22	517
Montana	5	734	147	17,290	100	3.39	586	100	3.26	564
Nebraska	34	2,946	87	17,586	98	3.63	640	100	3.24	570
Nevada	1	187	187	14,853	100	3.59	533	0	—	—
New Hampshire	8	414	52	16,287	89	4.01	691	89	3.33	574
New Jersey	3	177	59	15,996	100	4.24	678	100	3.22	515
New Mexico	1	1,022	1,022	24,140	0	—	—	0	—	—
New York	420	35,387	84	18,358	76	3.81	695	74	3.16	574
North Carolina	30	6,014	200	18,878	44	3.50	672	30	3.21	619
North Dakota	21	1,682	80	16,411	100	3.57	586	100	3.24	532
Ohio	346	25,234	73	18,429	99	3.77	694	99	3.24	596
Oklahoma	19	4,306	227	17,461	44	3.44	555	44	3.23	521
Oregon	22	5,174	235	16,579	100	3.70	614	100	3.31	548
Pennsylvania	835	43,131	52	19,150	93	3.62	688	93	3.16	602
Puerto Rico	1	440	440	8,624	0	—	—	100	2.84	245
Rhode Island	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
South Carolina	9	2,252	250	17,611	27	3.78	623	27	3.24	535
South Dakota	148	11,601	78	16,916	86	3.82	648	86	3.21	543
Tennessee	21	3,035	145	16,901	72	3.57	588	47	3.16	530
Texas	64	24,642	385	18,169	33	3.64	690	17	3.22	550
Utah	52	10,116	195	18,471	100	3.49	644	97	3.22	596
Vermont	65	6,236	96	17,961	70	3.88	684	70	3.23	570
Virgin Islands	3	559	186	8,981	0	—	—	0	—	—
Virginia	51	6,386	125	17,682	57	3.50	635	54	3.19	569
Washington	39	11,034	283	21,321	100	3.56	760	75	3.24	680
West Virginia	4	320	80	13,938	100	3.72	519	100	3.41	475
Wisconsin	5,359	312,575	58	18,503	100	3.94	728	100	3.22	596
Wyoming	2	499	250	17,757	100	3.55	630	100	3.20	568
United States¹	10,016	805,289	80	18,366	88	3.82	705	81	3.22	591

¹Includes Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Table 5. Percentile thresholds for herds with 25 cows and enrolled in a test plan included in genetic evaluations by breed and yield trait, 1997.

Percentile	Ayrshire	Brown Swiss	Guernsey	Holstein	Jersey	Milking Shorthorn	Red and White
Milk (lb)
99	23,104	24,516	23,511	27,994	21,868	21,574	24,561
90	17,915	20,035	16,496	23,499	16,655	17,783	21,201
80	17,107	18,667	15,619	22,063	15,612	16,318	19,807
70	16,384	17,581	14,887	21,123	14,896	15,381	19,363
60	15,791	16,689	14,152	20,308	14,334	15,072	19,310
50	15,170	15,788	13,471	19,514	13,769	13,913	18,793
40	14,495	15,144	12,833	18,696	13,138	13,396	18,258
30	13,540	14,207	12,367	17,824	12,451	12,976	17,,318
20	12,905	13,336	11,753	16,772	11,723	12,206	15783
10	11,773	12,016	10,867	15,228	10,567	11,288	15,376
0	9,917	8,002	6,833	4,019	5,860	9,677	14,589
Fat (lb)
99	988	993	1,093	1,194	1074	708	877
90	718	844	753	867	788	642	776
80	663	767	711	814	738	611	759
70	637	726	671	777	702	585	720
60	610	677	650	746	671	550	707
50	591	640	615	717	645	494	686
40	562	611	588	688	610	479	641
30	543	586	552	655	578	471	626
20	504	539	527	616	538	429	592
10	465	492	494	560	488	401	570
0	416	314	300	127	260	306	543
Protein (lb)
99	783	866	840	956	834	714	773
90	602	718	583	754	624	568	676
80	572	670	559	708	586	548	636
70	551	630	532	678	561	523	624
60	527	595	504	652	538	501	602
50	509	564	480	627	516	450	590
40	483	542	454	600	493	441	581
30	456	516	441	572	465	430	554
20	437	480	421	539	437	399	510
10	397	423	385	489	393	361	490
0	329	275	225	132	226	307	468
Number of herds	128	240	198	22,914	1,039	33	31

Table 6. Averages of official NCDHIP goat herds by state, 1997.

State¹	Herds	Doe-years	Doe-years per herd	Milk (lb)	Doe-years with fat data (%)	Fat (%)	Fat (lb)	Doe-years with protein data (%)	Protein (%)	Protein (lb)
Alabama	1	9	9	2,982	100	3.72	111	100	2.88	86
Alaska	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Arizona	6	51	9	1,575	100	3.48	55	100	3.15	50
Arkansas	6	118	20	1,661	97	3.51	58	97	3.04	51
California	47	1,415	30	1,982	100	3.64	72	95	3.14	63
Colorado	8	182	23	1,591	100	4.06	65	100	3.50	56
Connecticut	5	61	12	1,956	100	3.85	75	100	3.16	62
Delaware	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Florida	2	25	12	1,677	100	3.73	63	100	3.12	52
Georgia	2	31	15	1,698	100	3.54	60	100	2.95	50
Hawaii	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Idaho	8	127	16	1,905	100	3.63	69	92	3.10	60
Illinois	8	149	19	1,989	87	3.93	78	87	3.26	65
Indiana	6	292	49	1,460	100	3.79	55	100	3.16	46
Iowa	10	554	55	1,978	79	3.86	76	79	3.21	65
Kansas	12	137	11	1,903	77	3.74	71	77	3.28	62
Kentucky	3	32	11	1,563	100	4.30	67	100	3.64	57
Louisiana	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Maine	11	152	14	1,712	100	3.61	62	100	3.02	52
Maryland	23	287	12	1,758	100	3.73	66	96	3.12	55
Massachusetts	6	46	8	1,205	100	3.90	47	100	3.22	39
Michigan	20	195	10	1,837	100	3.86	71	100	3.09	57
Minnesota	17	703	41	1,799	100	3.56	64	100	3.27	59
Mississippi	1	21	21	916	100	4.48	41	100	3.17	29
Missouri	11	122	11	2,190	100	3.98	87	100	3.56	78
Montana	2	23	12	1,266	100	3.82	48	70	3.59	39
Nebraska	2	64	32	2,060	100	4.62	95	100	3.33	69
Nevada	1	39	39	1,920	100	4.38	84	100	3.59	69
New Hampshire	10	367	37	1,439	100	3.80	55	100	3.12	45
New Jersey	10	85	8	1,413	100	4.08	58	100	3.22	45
New Mexico	1	10	10	1,720	100	3.90	67	100	3.55	61
New York	26	1,084	42	1,938	100	3.54	69	100	3.12	60
North Carolina	5	43	9	2,168	100	3.27	71	100	3.05	66
North Dakota	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Ohio	35	1,100	31	1,607	100	3.83	62	99	3.16	51
Oklahoma	8	108	13	2,134	100	5.07	108	100	3.45	74
Oregon	52	839	16	1,677	100	3.78	63	95	3.23	54
Pennsylvania	12	283	24	2,023	100	4.07	82	99	3.43	69
Puerto Rico	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Rhode Island	1	7	7	1,071	100	3.83	41	100	3.17	34
South Carolina	1	10	10	1,698	100	2.77	47	100	2.83	48
South Dakota	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Tennessee	4	34	8	1,720	100	4.22	73	100	3.55	61
Texas	16	181	11	1,568	100	3.84	60	100	3.18	50
Utah	5	125	25	1,819	100	3.47	63	92	2.87	52
Vermont	2	141	70	1,842	100	3.99	73	100	3.19	59
Virgin Islands	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Virginia	8	224	28	1,447	100	3.53	51	100	3.01	44
Washington	7	88	13	1,641	100	4.09	67	100	3.31	54
West Virginia	6	53	9	2,104	100	3.44	72	100	2.92	61
Wisconsin	53	1,302	25	1,780	100	3.74	67	100	3.18	57
Wyoming	7	38	5	1,963	100	4.35	85	67	3.86	72
United States¹	487	10,952	22	1,790	98	3.75	67	97	3.19	57

¹Includes Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

USDA Summary of 1997 Herd Averages

G.R. Wiggans Agricultural Research Service - USDA Beltsville, Maryland

G.R. Wiggans
Agricultural Research Service - USDA
Beltsville, Maryland